Story of a top end engine rebuild  

What follows is a fairly detailed description of a "top end "rebuild of a 911 air-cooled engine. The basic process applies to virtually all 911 air-cooled engines but of course there are specific differences to specific models. This piece is designed for you, the customer, to understand exactly what goes on and where you are spending your money.


Once it has been decided that the rebuild needs to be done, usually after careful consideration, the engine and gearbox are removed from the vehicle and the two units split. With the clutch and flywheel removed the engine as a whole unit is bolted into a purpose made engine stand. This rotates 360 degrees in order to aid disassembly and assembly. The inlet manifold and injection system are removed along with the black painted tinwear. This leaves the air-cooling system behind along with the cooling fan and alternator. This is then removed as a complete unit. After rotating the unit 180 degrees we then tackle the exhaust.911 exhausts are notoriously difficult to remove and great care and skill is needed to undo the exhaust manifold nuts without the studs breaking. If this happens it adds to the cost of the job along with the extra hassle of drilling out the offending items. Oxy-acetelyne welding torch is used to heat the nuts in order to remove them without the studs breaking. We usually have a 100% success rate! Sometimes though especially on older engines the studs need to be replaced anyway as they rot so badly you cant fit a new nut to them.


Once the hard bit of the exhaust is overcome you are basically left with what is known by some as the "long block". This is the basic engine with all its ancillaries stripped off leaving just the main body of the engine, comprising crankcase, barrels, cylinder heads, camshaft housings and camshaft drive.


The top and bottom cam covers are removed as well as the front timing covers. This exposes the camshaft valve gear as well as the camshaft drive. Once the drive is removed we then undo the cylinder head retainers and remove the head and camshaft housing as one assembly. These assemblies are then stripped separately on the bench, where the heads (6 individual) are also stripped and carefully checked and measured against Porsche specs. All our heads are bead blasted and have new valve guides fitted along with a special valve seat cut. The valves are then lapped in and the 6 heads are reassembled with new valve stem seals as well as having the vale spring heights set up with shims, again to very tight factory specs. With all the rockers and camshafts carefully checked the whole unit is assembled as one, ready to refit onto the barrels. This is repeated for the same assembly on the other side.


The barrels and pistons is another area that we study very carefully. The 6 individual barrels or cylinders are removed as well as their related piston, taking care to keep them matched together. The pistons are bead blasted and crack tested as well as measured, again to Porsche specs. The barrels are also checked for ovality and general wear. When refitted they have new piston rings and new base gaskets ready to take the rebuilt head/camshaft housing assembly. With regard to 964 engines we also replace the crankcase through bolt seals. The through bolts bolt the two halves of the crankcase together, but they also go through the main oil gallery. Porsche fitted a tiny rubber seal at each end of the bolt to seal up this gallery, but they didn't get it quite right with the 964.Basically the type of rubber used got very hard and brittle and lost is elasticity very quickly and thus failed to keep the oil in its place where it should be and not on your garage floor! The same applies to the seal known as the base gasket. This is a rubber "o"ring fitted to the bottom of the barrel to seal the barrel into the crankcase. For the first time Porsche used rubber rather than the traditional copper version. One can only surmise that cost played an important part in this decision.


So with new base gaskets, through bolts seals and piston rings fitted the bottom end is ready to take the rebuilt heads and camhousings. Once these are bolted down and the cam drive re-assembled all that remains is the all important camshaft timing. This is done with a DTI gauge, which measures the amount of inlet valve opening at a specified point. It measures down to 100th of a millimetre, so it's pretty accurate. Porsche specify, say for a 911SC 3.0 liter engine, a lift of0.9 to 1.1mm with the ideal setting of 1.00mm.We strive to get the camshaft timing absolutely spot on as well as getting it matched for both banks as the end result is a more powerful and smoother running engine.


All that remains is to refit all the ancillaries and exhaust system. This is split into its component sections and rebuilt using new nuts, bolts and gaskets. With painted or powder coated tin wear and all the relevant bits cleaned up the engine starts to take shape. If the engine is has an electronic injection system , all of our engine rebuilds benefit from an injector overhaul on our ASNU injector machine. This cleans the injectors ultrasonically and along with new filter baskets and spray nozzle caps ensures they are in perfect order ready to run in the new engine. As part of our rebuild package we carry out a major service as part of the rebuild for no extra cost. As most of the service work is involved with the engine it basically entails the chassis related work. It also means you get a service stamp in the service book. If you can co-inside your rebuild when the service is due its like having a free service, e.g., top end rebuild menu price for 1990 964 is £3500.Major service menu price for same model is £450 so if engine job is done at the service due time the real cost for the engine is £3050.All prices are plus vat.


Once the engine and gearbox are refitted into the car, the vehicle is road tested for at least 25 miles (usually more). If all is ok then its over to you to run it in for 1500 miles. Once run in we recommend that the vehicle be returned to us for a first engine service. This entails an oil and filter change, check and adjust valve clearences, check tightness of rocker shafts and cylinder heads and a final check on the tune.
We hope this has been of help to anyone contemplating having this type of work done, and would be glad to answer any further questions by phone or email.

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A 964RSR ENGINE
 

 

 

 

REAR VIEW WITH INJECTION REMOVED

 

 

 

FRONT VIEW WITH FAN AND FRONT TIMING COVERS REMOVED

 

 

 

TOP VIEW WITH ONE BANK OF CYLINDER HEADS REMOVED

 

 

 

 

BANK 4-6 SHOWING PISTONS AND BARRELS

 

 

 

THREE CYLINDER HEADS FROM ONE BANK SHOWING VALVES AND TWIN SPARK PLUG HOLES

 
 
   
   
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